This chapter takes a close look at the foundations of development: heredity and environment. Because nature has prepared us for survival, all humans have common features. Yet all of us are unique in our own ways.
1. One significant point I wanted to mention was the Chromosomal Abnormalities. Book states, "Abnormalities of the chromosomes are another major cause of serious developmental problems. Most chromosomal defects results from mistakes occurring during meiosis, when the ovum and sperm are formed. A chromosome pair does not separate properly, a part of a chromosome breaks off." In America, one of the most common abnormalities after birth is the Down Syndrome. Chromosomal disorder, occurring in 1 out of every 1,000 live births. In 95% of chromosomes to separate during meiosis, so the new individual inherits three of these chromosomes rather then the normal two. I have noticed as well that children who do have this disorder share a certain look, making them look all about the same. Physical features like, flat facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, small ears, and a protruding tongue. There are also many types of other abnormalities.2. Children with down syndrome have many effects. This include children usually learn and process more slowly than children who do not have this disorder. But, not all areas of development are equally affected. There is a specific pattern of cognitive and behavioral features that are observed among children with Down syndrome that differs from other children. For instance, children who are not familiar with other people often do not interact with them, they are usually scared of strangers and will automatically cry. Whereas, babies with down syndrome look at faces and smile only a week or two later. Babies who have this disorder enjoy communicating and making good use of non-verbal skills including babbling and gesture in social situations.
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