Chapter 9

Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

During the middle childhood, the bones of the body lengthen and broaden. But ligaments are not yet firmly attached to bones; this, combined with increasing muscle strength, gives children the unusual flexibility needed to perform cartwheels and handstands. Between ages 6 to 12, all 20 primary teeth are lost and replaced by permanent ones, with girls losing their teeth slightly earlier than boys. 

1. One significant learning I wanted to mention for this chapter is Gardner's Theory of multiple intelligence. In yet another view of how information-processing skills underlie intelligent behavior, Howard Garner's. Theory of multiple intelligences defines intelligence in terms of distinct sets of processing operations that permit individuals to engage in wide range of culturally valued activities. Dismissing the idea of general intelligence, Gardner proposes at least eight independent intelligences. Gardner believes that each intelligence has a unique biological basis, a distinct course of development, and different expert performances. 

2. As a future educator, Gardner's theory of multiple intelligence applies to all student aspects because each student is unique in their own ways. There are 8 different categories a student can call under in. I am going to briefly talk about each one. I believe that I fall under 2 out of the 8 categories. One that I fall under in is linguistic, I say this because I am sensitive to sound, rhythms, and meaning of words and the apply them to functions of language. As a future teacher, you can get a degree on linguistics and still be able to teach. I believe that this is important because people who study linguistics have a great communication with anyone. Especially for my future students and their parents, I want to be able to communicate as accurate as I can. Another intelligence I am under in is interpersonal. They have the ability to detect and respond appropriately to the moods, temperaments, motivations, and intentions of others. Since I do like talking to people, I don't think I will have a problem communicating with my future students and their parents.  

Chapter 8

Chapter 8: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood
This chapter is devoted to the many facets of early childhood emotional and social development. It begins with Erikson's view of personality change in the preschool years. Then considers children's concepts of themselves, their insights into social and moral worlds, their gender typing, and their increasing ability to manage their emotional and social behaviors.
1. For this chapter, one significant learning I wanted to mention is the the other side of morality: development of aggression. It begins in the late infancy, all children display aggression at times. As interactions with siblings and peers increase, so do aggressive outbursts. In this particular section, I wanted to talk about violent media and aggression. The textbook says, "In the United States, 57 percent of television programs between 6 am and 11 pm contain violent scenes, often portraying repeated aggressive acts that go unpunished."
2. I believe that it is not a bad idea to let our young students/children watch television, but if the parents are not aware of what their children are watching outside of school, then something can go wrong with that. I wanted to talk about my experience growing up. I remember that my parents would let my brother and I watch whatever TV shows we wanted to watch. Our family runs with the more traditional side. In my culture, the Filipino culture, my parents were not strict on what we watched just as long as we were happy watching it. I feel as if my parents just let just watch whatever we wanted on TV because they didn't want us to make noise or they simply just wanted to distract us somehow. So I was pretty much allowed to watch anything I wanted at any day and any time of the day. I feel as if my brother and I experienced violence through the shows we were watching. Since we were young, we were easily influenced by the shows on TV; and my parents didn't understand that, us watching whatever we wanted, influenced us to act up and be aggressive with one another.

Chapter 7

Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood.
In this chapter, children the years from 2 to 6 are often called "the play years" aptly so, since play blossoms during this time and supports every aspect of development. The discussion opens with the physical achievements in motor coordination. Then it explores on early childhood cognition, beginning with Piaget's proportional stage. Along with Vygotsky's sociocultural stage.
1. One significant I wanted to talk about in this chapter is the Educational Media. Since technology has expanded throughout the years, everybody basically has access to any electronic device whether it is free or not. This also applies to young children especially since our chapter is on Early Childhood. Besides home and preschool, young children spend much time in another learning environment: electronic media, including ipads, television and computers. The textbook mentions that, "In the United States and other industrialized nations, nearly all homes have at least one television set, and most have two or more." There are many advantages and disadvantages to letting young children use electronic devices.
2. Since I am an aspiring educator and also a technology junkie, I wanted to be able to apply my knowledge and technology and skills and share them with my future students. In my ED271 course, we learned about preparing different documents that could be used in our future classrooms. One skilled I obtained from the course, is creating different ways to let students be more active in the classrooms. Teacher and student interaction if I may say, we learned to use kahoot to let students be able to more participation in the classrooms. But, since I am studying to have a degree on Early Chilhood, my students are still too young to use that kind of site. But, I wanted to show my future students different videos on the site "Youtube" and incorporate that into my lessons. So, that those who are more on the visual learner side, will understand the lessons more, vs. a student who is better at learning through their textbooks. An advantage on these educational media, is students will learn but at the same time, having fun while learning. And, an advantage will be that if technology in the classroom gets out of hand, it can get abused.

Chapter 6

Chapter 6: Emotional/ Social Development in Infancy & Toddler
This chapter talks about the children's reactions reflect two related aspects of personality development during the first two years: close ties to others a sense of self. Also, this chapter will begin with Erikson's psychosocial theory, which provides an overview of infant and toddler personality development.
1. One significant learning I wanted to talk about for this chapter is the importance of 'measuring the security of attachment'. I wanted to talk about the security of attachment because the class was able to act and share their experiences with all five attachment styles. The one that my group and I did for the attachment style is the 'Avoidant attachment'. The textbook defines this attachment as "these infants seem unresponsive to the parent when she is present. When she leaves, they usually are not distressed, and they react to the stranger in much the same way as the parent. During reunion, they avoid or are slow to greet the parent. During reunion, they avoid or are slow to greet the parent, and when picked up, they open fail to cling" (Berk 2008). This attachment can have its pros and cons as a parents and a child.
2. Learning about the different attachment is highly important. As a future educator and also a future parent, I want to know what kind of attachment style my child has. I say this because it will be much easier to know what kind of attachment style each student has; for that, the adults will know how to identify and know how to handle each student according to their behavior and attachment style. As a future parent, I would want to know what is going on in my child's life from when they are born, to when they are grown up. Since, my group and I demonstrated the "avoidant attachment style", I can say that this is probably one of the easiest child to handle among the rest. I wanted to mention once again what avoidant attachment style is. When the child is with his or her parent, they don't really cling to them as much because they know that they are around the room with them. Also, when the parent leaves the child, the child does not cry or cling to the parent only because they know they will be back. It also goes with a stranger, the child will not react to the stranger because he or she will be comfortable with them. As a future educator, I would want to know how the child is before entering my classroom. As I am pursuing my career in Early Childhood, I would want the parents to tell me how their children react to a new environment, especially to around a stranger.